Metasurfaces designed by a bidirectional deep neural network for generating quantitative field distributions

Benefiting from superior capability in manipulating wavefront of electromagnetic waves, metasurfaces have provided a flexible platform for designing ultracompact and high-performance devices with unusual functionalities. Despite various advances in this field, the unique functionalities achieved by metasurfaces have come at the cost of the structural complexity, resulting in a time-consuming parameter sweep for the conventional metasurface design.